Mitochondrial & longevity research compounds
Apelin
Also known as apelin-13 · apelin-36 · APJ ligand
An endogenous peptide ligand of the APJ receptor, studied as an "exerkine" released by muscle during exercise.
In 60 seconds
Preclinical and translational research; apelin-pathway agonists are being explored in cardiovascular disease. No therapeutic human safety data for apelin itself.
- Found apelin is exercise-induced, declines with age, and reversed age-related muscle loss in mice.
- Reviews apelin-system targeting in cardiovascular disease.
- In knockout mice, apelin signalling shaped skeletal-muscle adaptation to interval training.
Mechanism
Apelin/APJ signalling is widespread (heart, vessels, muscle, brain). Muscle releases apelin with exercise, and it declines with age; in mice it stimulated muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and regeneration.
Research status
Preclinical and translational research; apelin-pathway agonists are being explored in cardiovascular disease.
Key studies
Found apelin is exercise-induced, declines with age, and reversed age-related muscle loss in mice.
The exerkine apelin reverses age-associated sarcopenia — Nat Med, 2018 · PMID 30061698
Reviews apelin-system targeting in cardiovascular disease.
Targeting the apelin system for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases — Cardiovasc Res, 2023 · PMID 37956047
In knockout mice, apelin signalling shaped skeletal-muscle adaptation to interval training.
Apelin regulates skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise in a high-intensity interval training model — Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, 2024 · PMID 38525542
Reviews apelin and APJ distribution and their roles across diseases.
Review: Apelin in disease — Clin Chim Acta, 2018 · PMID 29750964
Safety signals in the literature
No therapeutic human safety data for apelin itself.
Legal status (South Africa)
Research compounds; not registered medicines for human use in South Africa unless stated otherwise.
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Comparisons
Questions
What is Apelin?
An endogenous peptide ligand of the APJ receptor, studied as an "exerkine" released by muscle during exercise. Apelin/APJ signalling is widespread (heart, vessels, muscle, brain). Muscle releases apelin with exercise, and it declines with age; in mice it stimulated muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and regeneration.
What is the research status of Apelin?
Preclinical and translational research; apelin-pathway agonists are being explored in cardiovascular disease.
What safety signals are reported for Apelin?
No therapeutic human safety data for apelin itself.
Does Living Water Labs stock Apelin?
Not at present. Apelin is profiled here for reference, with citations to the published literature. You can ask to be notified if we add it. Research compounds; not registered medicines for human use in South Africa unless stated otherwise.
More in Mitochondrial & longevity
Research reference only. This page summarises published literature; it is not medical advice and contains no guidance on human use. Products supplied by Living Water Labs are for laboratory research only.
